Neutral endings
Sometimes a suffix can be added to a word.
Some suffixes change the stress pattern of the root (“stupid” \(\rightarrow\) “stupidity”). They are called strong suffixes.
Other suffixes do not change the stress pattern (“stupid” \(\rightarrow\) “stupidly”). They are called weak suffixes.
- How many weak suffixes can you think of?
Examples
|
Word
|
Stress Pattern
|
IPA (RP)
|
Received Pronunciation
|
General American
|
|
leader
|
/10/
|
/’liːd.ə/
|
/’liːd.ər/
|
|
|
refuse
|
/01/
|
/ri.’fjuːz/
|
/ri.’fjuːz/
|
|
|
wonder
|
/10/
|
/’wʌnd.ə/
|
/’wʌnd.ər/
|
|
|
power
|
/10/
|
/’paʊ.ə/
|
/’paʊ.ər/
|
|
|
develop
|
/010/
|
/di.’vel.əp/
|
/di.’vel.əp/
|
|
|
manage
|
/10/
|
/’mæn.ɪdʒ/
|
/’mæn.ɪdʒ/
|
|
|
begin
|
/01/
|
/bi.’gɪn/
|
/bi.’gɪn/
|
|
|
neighbour
|
/10/
|
/’neɪb.ə/
|
neighbour
|
|
|
happy
|
/10/
|
/’hæp.i/
|
/’hæp.i/
|
|
|
martyr
|
/10/
|
/’mɑːt.ə/
|
/’mɑːt.ər/
|
|
|
Word
|
Stress Pattern
|
IPA (RP)
|
Received Pronunciation
|
General American
|
|
leadership
|
/100/
|
/’liːd.ə.ʃɪp/
|
/’liːd.ə.ˌʃɪp/
|
|
|
refusal
|
/010/
|
/ri.’fjuːz.əl/
|
/ri.’fjuːz.əl/
|
|
|
wonderful
|
/100/
|
/’wʌnd.ə.fəl/
|
/’wʌnd.ə.fəl/
|
|
|
powerless
|
/100/
|
/’paʊ.ə.ləs/
|
/’paʊ.ə.ləs/
|
|
|
development
|
/0100/
|
/di.’vel.əp.mənt/
|
/di.’vel.əp.mənt/
|
|
|
manager
|
/100/
|
/’mæn.ɪdʒ.ə/
|
/’mæn.ɪdʒ.ər/
|
|
|
beginning
|
/010/
|
/bi.’gɪn.ɪŋ/
|
/bi.’gɪn.ɪŋ/
|
|
|
neighbourhood
|
/100/
|
/’neɪb.ə.hʊd/
|
neighbourhood
|
|
|
happiness
|
/100/
|
/’hæp.i.nəs/
|
/’hæp.i.nəs/
|
|
|
martyrdom
|
/100/
|
/’mɑːt.ə.dəm/
|
/’mɑːt.ə.dəm/
|
|
|
Word
|
Stress Pattern
|
IPA (RP)
|
Received Pronunciation
|
General American
|
|
comfortable
|
/100/
|
/’kʌmft.əb.əl/
|
comfortable
|
|
|
amazing
|
/010/
|
/ə.’meɪz.ɪŋ/
|
/ə.’meɪz.ɪŋ/
|
|
|
glorify
|
/100/
|
/’glɔːr.ɪ.faɪ/
|
/’glɔːr.ɪ.ˌfaɪ/
|
|
|
otherwise
|
/100/
|
/’ʌð.ə.waɪz/
|
/’ʌð.ə.ˌwaɪz/
|
|
|
reasonable
|
/1000/
|
/’riːz.ən.əb.əl/
|
/’riːz.ən.əb.əl/
|
|