17 Lesson n°8
17.1 Warmup
| Word | Stress Pattern | IPA (RP) | Received Pronunciation | General American |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quickly | /10/ | /’kwɪk.li/ | /’kwɪk.li/ | |
| accident | /100/ | /’æks.ɪd.ənt/ | /’æks.ɪd.ənt/ | |
| emergency | /0100/ | /ɪ.’mɜːdʒ.əns.i/ | /ˌɪ.’m3r ːdʒ.əns.i/ | |
| about | /01/ | /ə.’baʊt/ | /ə.’baʊt/ | |
| reception | /010/ | /ri.’sep.ʃən/ | /ri.’sep.ʃən/ | |
| general | /100/ | /’dʒen.ər.əl/ | /’dʒen.ər.əl/ | |
| however | /010/ | /haʊ.’ev.ə/ | /ˌhaʊ.’ev.ər/ | |
| vegetable | /100/ | /’vedʒ.təb.əl/ | /’vedʒ.təb.əl/ | |
| temperature | /1000/ | /’temp.ər.ətʃ.ə/ | temperature | |
| something | /10/ | /’sʌm.θɪŋ/ | /’sʌm.θɪŋ/ |
17.2 Reduction to /i/ or /ɪ/
| Word | Stress Pattern | IPA (RP) | Received Pronunciation | General American |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| repeat | /01/ | /ri.’piːt/ | /ri.’piːt/ | |
| village | /10/ | /’vɪl.ɪdʒ/ | /’vɪl.ɪdʒ/ | |
| believe | /01/ | /bi.’liːv/ | /bi.’liːv/ | |
| luggage | /10/ | /’lʌg.ɪdʒ/ | /’lʌg.ɪdʒ/ | |
| magnet | /10/ | /’mæg.nɪt/ | /’mæg.nɪt/ | |
| courage | /10/ | /’kʌr.ɪdʒ/ | /’k3r ːr.ɪdʒ/ | |
| early | /10/ | /’ɜːl.i/ | /’3r ːl.i/ | |
| remark | /01/ | /ri.’mɑːk/ | /ri.’mɑːk/ | |
| register | /100/ | /’redʒ.ɪst.ə/ | /’redʒ.ɪst.ər/ |
Utiliser /i/ dans les syllabes inaccentuées ouvertes.
Utiliser /ɪ/ dans les syllabes fermées.
17.3 Reduction to /u/ or /ʊ/
| Word | Stress Pattern | IPA (RP) | Received Pronunciation | General American |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| communist | /100/ | /’kɒm.jʊn.ɪst/ | /’kɑːm.jʊn.ɪst/ | |
| virtuous | /100/ | /’vɜːtʃ.u.əs/ | /’v3r ːtʃ.u.əs/ | |
| particular | /0100/ | /pə.’tɪk.jʊl.ə/ | /pə.’tɪk.jʊl.ər/ | |
| usual | /100/ | /’juːʒ.u.əl/ | /’juːʒ.u.əl/ | |
| regular | /100/ | /’reg.jʊl.ə/ | /’reg.jʊl.ər/ | |
| influence | /100/ | /’ɪnf.lu.əns/ | /’ɪnf.lu.əns/ | |
| conjugate | /100/ | /’kɒndʒ.u.geɪt/ | /ˌkɑːndʒ.u.’geɪt/ | |
| executive | /0100/ | /ɪg.’zek.jʊt.ɪv/ | /ɪg.’zek.jʊt.ɪv/ | |
| document | /100/ | /’dɒk.ju.mənt/ | /’dɑːk.ju.mənt/ | |
| occupy | /100/ | /’ɒk.ju.paɪ/ | /’ɑːk.ju.ˌpaɪ/ |
17.4 Practice reduction
| Word | Stress Pattern | IPA (RP) | Received Pronunciation | General American |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nature | /10/ | /’neɪtʃ.ə/ | /’neɪtʃ.ər/ | |
| happen | /10/ | /’hæp.ən/ | /’hæp.ən/ | |
| damage | /10/ | /’dæm.ɪdʒ/ | /’dæm.ɪdʒ/ | |
| account | /01/ | /ə.’kaʊnt/ | /ə.’kaʊnt/ | |
| escape | /01/ | /ɪ.’skeɪp/ | /ɪ.’skeɪp/ | |
| surprise | /01/ | /sə.’praɪz/ | /sə.’praɪz/ | |
| sofa | /10/ | /’səʊf.ə/ | /’soʊf.ə/ | |
| answer | /10/ | /’ɑːns.ə/ | /’æns.ər/ | |
| moment | /10/ | /’məʊm.ənt/ | /’moʊm.ənt/ | |
| treasure | /10/ | /’treʒ.ə/ | /’treʒ.ər/ |
17.5 Neutral endings
Sometimes a suffix can be added to a word.
Some suffixes change the stress pattern of the root (“stupid” \(\rightarrow\) “stupidity”). They are called strong suffixes.
Other suffixes do not change the stress pattern (“stupid” \(\rightarrow\) “stupidly”). They are called weak suffixes.
- How many weak suffixes can you think of?