5 Lesson n°5
5.1 Correction
Listen to the following words and transcribe them:
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Listen to the following words and transcribe them:
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5.2 Warm up
Listen to the following words and transcribe them:
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Listen to the following words and transcribe them:
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5.3 Introduction to assimilation
Assimilation is a type of coarticulation . It is the alteration of a speech sound to make it more similar to its neighbours. In English, assimilation mostly affects Place of Articulation.
It is a result of phonetic conditioning. Phonetic conditioning is a term used to cover the way in which speech segments are influenced by adjacent segments, causing phonemes to vary in their realisation according to phonetic context. Assimilation is one of three main types of conditioning, along with allophonic variation and elision.
5.3.1 Historical assimilation
Listen to the following words and transcribe them:
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These words feature instances where /j/ was coalesced to /ʃ/ a few centuries ago. In terms of place of articulation, /ʃ/ as a post-alveolar fricative is half-way between alveolar fricative /s/ and palatal approximant /j/. Both segments saw their place of articulation shift under their reciprocal influence.
In historical assimilation, the citation form features the assimilated sounds (e.g. /sj/ \(\rightarrow\) /ʃ/). This is not the case in connected speech:
5.3.2 In connected speech
5.3.2.1 Citation forms
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| /hed ’kwɔːt.əz/ |
| /meɪn kɔːs/ |
| /mætʃt peəz/ |
| /pə.’hæps/ |
| /’brɔːd.kɑːst/ |
| /waɪt ’pep.ə/ |
| /ɒn ðiː haʊs/ |
| /reɪz jɔː glɑːs/ |
5.3.2.2 Assimilation in connected speech
In connected speech, syllable-final alveolars tend to assimilate and adopt the place of articulation of the succeeding phoneme:
“head quarters” \(\rightarrow\) /ˌheg ’kwɔːtəz/
“main course” \(\rightarrow\) /meɪŋ ’kɔːs/
“broadcast” \(\rightarrow\) /’brɔːgkɑːst/
5.4 Examens de mi-semestre
5.4.1 Programme
Tous les symboles de l’Alphabet Phonétique International utilisés pour la transcription de l’anglais, y compris les symboles d’accentuations primaire et secondaire
Principes fondamentaux de l’accentuation (nécessité d’un accent primaire, pas de /00-/ en début de mot, pas de syllabes accentuées consécutives)
Principes fondamentaux de l’assimilation par voisement ou lieu d’articulation.
RECOMMANDÉ : connaître les principaux lieux d’articulation des consonnes (bilabial, alveolar, post-alveolar, palatal, velar, glottal).